Vaginal pHA women's normal vaginal pH ranges between 3.8 and 4.5¹ which means the vagina is acidic. This acidity helps to keep it healthy. pH is a measure of how acidic or alkaline something is. The pH range goes from 1 which is highly acidic to pH14 which is highly alkaline. pH 7 is neutral. Lemon juice is acidic and has a pH of 2.4, whilst household bleach is highly alkaline at 12.5. Pure water is pH 7. (Values taken from Wiki) Note that many soaps have a pH value of 9-10 so that too thorough washing will upset the healthy acidic environment of the vagina. Many experts advise not using soap on this area, and certainly try not to get soap inside the vagina which will alter the vaginal pH. The vagina is a self-cleansing organ and all you need to do is wash away secretions trapped around the external folds. The average pH of semen ranges from 7.2 to 7.8 which explains why sex sometimes makes a woman more prone to infections such as BV. Blood has a pH range of from 7.34 to 7.45 which explains why menstruation can cause an attack of BV. pH values will change as you progress through life. Pre-puberty the reading will be around pH7; during our reproductive years when the vagina is more vulnerable to infection an acidic pH of around 3.8 to 4.5 guards our health; and after menopause we return to a pH of 6-7. A woman with BV will usually have a reading higher than pH4.5 which means that the vagina is more alkaline than it should be. With the high pH of semen, it takes several hours for the normal acidic vaginal pH to return after sexual intercourse.1 It is this acidity that protects the vagina from infection so that this period of alkalinity leaves a woman vulnerable to bacterial infection after sex. Using a condom is a sensible precaution if you're prone to chronic bacterial vaginosis. Again, a pH test will reveal an alkaline reading for the vagina. This is another infection where the presence of semen can allow pathogenic bacteria to gain the upper hand. Yeast infection does not normally give that characteristic increase in vaginal alkalinity so that the pH will usually be 4.5 or less. Some women wonder can semen cause yeast infection and although it doesn't directly, an allergy to semen (which some women have) can give a vaginal discharge and signs very similar to vaginal yeast infection. A pH reading alone can not accurately diagnose ANY vaginal infection. It is simply one of the indicators. Since 1990, the US has allowed over-the-counter sales of vaginal antifungal medicines for yeast infection and it is believed that if women used a standard pH test it would reduce incorrect treatment by over 50%. 1. Smith KPB. Estrogens and the urogenital tract. Studies on steroid hormone receptors and a clinical study on a new estradiol releasing vaginal ring. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1993;72(Suppl 157):S1–26 2. Boskey ER, and Cone RA, Whaley KJ, Moench TR. Origins of vaginal acidity: high D/L lactate ratio is consistent with bacteria being the primary source. Hum Reprod. 2001 Sep;16(9):1809-13. TOP of Vaginal pH
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